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What do I really think of bone drugs, anyway?

Those of you who read this blog and my articles regularly might think I’m against bone drugs altogether. That’s not truly the case. There are certainly people who have such catastrophic bone loss that it’s appropriate for them to use medications to slow or halt it — but these are usually people who have a serious health crisis going on. Cancer treatment, Paget’s disease of bone, those on long-term high dose prednisone treatment, and similar situations where bone is eroding rapidly are clearly circumstances where these strong medications can be beneficial. But my natural approach to support bones and overall health would be helpful in these patients as well.

Where I take issue with bone drugs is when they’re used to address low bone density without any effort to identify the reason for the bone loss — and that happens all too often. As most of my clients and some of my blog readers can attest, it’s not uncommon for physicians to simply hand out a script when they see a bone scan that indicates osteoporosis (or even osteopenia) without taking any steps to determine why bone is being lost, or even if bone is being lost!

Unfortunately, most physicians regard bone loss itself as a disease, when the vast majority of the time it’s really a symptom of some other, underlying health issue.

Treating the symptom with a drug doesn’t cure the disease — it simply masks the problem.  The “problem masking” in turn often brings with it significant life-damaging side-effects. And most physicians’ don’t mention that these are very powerful medications with a profound impact on the body’s most fundamental processes.

• Bisphosphonates put a halt first to osteoclast activity and over time to osteoblast activity as well.

• Teriparatide (Forteo) stimulates osteoblasts to work overtime in building new bone, but it has worrisome long-term risks that we discuss elsewhere.

• Denosumab (Prolia), a drug slated for FDA approval this summer, goes even farther, interfering with immune factors to prevent the natural process of bone breakdown and renewal.

What it boils down to is this: if your doctor finds your bone health situation so serious that she wants you to take these very powerful drugs — medications that affect not just bones, but other systems in the body too, then your situation is serious enough to warrant a full osteoporosis medical work-up looking for the causes of bone loss.  The case for bone drugs cannot be made on the basis of just one or even two DEXAs. The simple fact that a person is losing bone isn’t, in my opinion, reason enough to start someone on a drug as a knee-jerk reflex. If there is an identifiable underlying condition that is causing an individual to lose a lot of bone, rapidly, this should be uncovered and addressed. 

When a comprehensive natural approach to halting excessive bone loss fails, then can you make the case for bone drugs.  And when there isn’t an identifiable underlying health issue or an identifiable cause of bone loss, it still stands to reason that working to support bones by improving nutrient intake, getting more exercise, dealing with stress, and improving the body’s pH through an alkaline diet are much more sensible first steps than hauling out the “big guns”!

Postscript

Thank you all so much for telling your stories and adding your comments below. When I wrote this post, I did so out of concern that people who had significant health issues that resulted in bone loss would misunderstand my position on bone drugs and believe that I thought bone drugs serve no purpose. Your comments have shown me just how important it was to clarify that position! Many of you have exactly the kinds of health issues that cause rapid, catastrophic bone loss/weakening, so you fall into the category of people that I believe should consider medical therapies under a physician’s care and guidance. I don’t want anyone to feel that taking bone drugs to address this sort of bone loss is somehow wrong or incorrect, and certainly your physician is the first person to whom you should address any questions about medical treatment for bone loss — for the most part, it would not be proper for me to offer advice on whether someone should or shouldn’t use particular treatments, as I’m not familiar with your specific cases. At the same time, though, the alkaline diet and nutritional support that I recommend to all my clients is something that I encourage all of you to consider, as the more support you provide your system, the better it will respond to your treatment regimen. In my work with clients at the Center for Better Bones, I've found that these methods are a great support even to those patients who must use bone drugs to halt bone loss related to a medical issue. Best wishes to all of you, and thanks for reading my blog!

 

We created the Osteo Blast blog as our forum to express opinions and educate the public about natural means of supporting and improving bone health and overall wellness. As part of this forum, we sometimes discuss medical issues and medications, and their effects on bone health in general. However, we cannot advise readers about specific medical issues in this forum. If you wish to obtain advice from Susan E. Brown, PhD, about your specific bone health and nutritional concerns, please visit our Consultations page. Other specific medical questions should be referred to your healthcare provider.

Comments

April 29. 2010 23:29

Dear Dr. Brown,

Do you feel taking bisphosphonates for short term, say 1-2 years, to help prevent triple negative breast cancer recurrence is wise? It has been recommended by my oncologist. I also have severe osteopenia and "patchy" osteoporosis from 1 DEXA scan. I'm 56 y/o and have been taking your recommended bone building minerals for 1 year, 5000i.u. vitamin D-3 and walk 3-4 times a week. I eat extremely healthy. I don't want to take bone drugs but I don't want a recurrence of my triple negative breast cancer.

Thank you!

Adrienne

May 4. 2010 14:38

Dear Dr Brown:
I was diagnosed with Fibrous Dysplasia 10 years ago. I am 45 now and didn't have much difficulties due to the disease until recently. I broke my right hip from a simple fall one year ago, it fractured again at the sight of the pins and then a rod was inserted in November to prevent any further problem. But then on Dec. 12, I slammed on my braked in my car and the same leg severed just above the knee. The Worker's Comp. doctors are claiming everything is from the bone disease. I took generic Fosomax for 6 months and now my endrocronologist wants me to start Pamindronate IV
starting Moday. Is this a drug that also has terrible side-effects? My liver and kidneys and clacium levels are all normal. Am I making a poor decision on behalf of my health? Do you have any other suggestions for treatment of Fibrous Dysplasia? Thank You-Lorrie

Lorrie Jamison

May 5. 2010 16:28

Hi Lorrie,
Fibrous Dysplasia is a rare and often complicated disorder requiring the care of a knowledgeable specialist.   My suggestion is that you find a physician you trust and work with the medications he/she suggests.  In your case the medications will be necessary.  Also talk to the doctor about using all the 20 key bone nutrients and do the Alkaline for Life Diet, all this will help.  Try not to worry and see the medication as helping you.  You have a case where it is needed and will be useful.  Best wishes, Susan

Susan Brown

May 6. 2010 18:12

Hi Adrienne, Since I’m not an expert on breast cancer, I put your question to Dr. Dixie Mills, the breast health specialist who writes for Womentowomen.com. Dr. Mills said that in the abstract presented at the San Antonio Breast Conference in December 2009, which talked about bisphosphonates preventing recurrence in women with triple-negative breast cancer, the finding was “suggestive” and needed to be studied in larger trials. What that means is, they have reason to believe something about the drugs either stop tumors from forming or stop blood vessels from developing that would feed the tumors, but they don’t yet have enough information yet to say so definitively. So taking Fosamax in the hope of preventing recurrence is a shot in the dark, and there’s no way to tell if it will work or not - they simply don't have the data. Dr Mills is currently working on an article about steps women can take to prevent breast cancer or recurrence using natural means, and several of the things you're already doing are on her list, so you might want to keep an eye out on Womentowomen.com for that article. Hope that helps! Best wishes, Susan

Susan Brown

May 10. 2010 09:27

PS on the subject of breast cancer, Dr. Mills also told me that she found an article in the New England Journal of Medicine 360:679-691, 2009 (Gnant) which found that zoledronic acid, an iv bisphosphonate, improved disease-free survival in PRE-menopausal women who were estrogen receptor POSITIVE.  This study, despite being published in the NEJM, is thought to be pretty controversial.
So she feels that there needs to be better reasons/evidence if a doctor is prescribing it for something other than treatment of osteoporosis.

Susan Brown

May 11. 2010 20:29

Is there any conclusive evidence that taking thyroid medication for
Hashimoto's disease contributes to bone loss?  I was diagnosed with this low thyroid condition twenty-three years ago(I am 70 years old now) and have been taking the generic levoxyl and most recently levothyroxine at 75 MCG. My t- scores were done 6 mos. after taking myself off 13 years of HRT in 2001(I got tired of the headaches). The scores in 2002 showed -2.93 in the lumbar spine and -0.99 in the left hip. I take HCTZ 37.5/25 for calcium loss in urine and I took Evista and calcium citrate to halt the bone loss. No significant change took place except a decrease of bone mineral density at -3.2% by 2007.  The doc asked if I wanted to start Fosamax, but I declined. This year's scan shows a significant decrease in the lumbar spine down to -3.9 from the previous -2.93 but no change in the hip. I am trying another calcium(bone density plus with genistein along with other minerals), this time with meals instead of at night.  I did the 50,000 units of Vit D as prescribed to bring up my levels last summer and continue to take 1,000 units a day. In trying the acid/alkaline connection I notice that though I am most frequently in the alkaline category, I do slip to acidic from time to time. I exercise fairly regularly, but it varies from week to week with walking, aerobics and weights. Could the cause of my bone loss be the thyroid meds?  What tests could I take to find out? Doc says thyroid tests show correct levels of meds in blood.  

Eleisa Trampler

May 11. 2010 22:02

I am very interested in your response to Eleisa Trampler, as I too am on Synthroid and wonder how much I can do to reverse my bone loss if I'm stuck with thyroid meds for the rest of my life.

Debra

May 11. 2010 22:06

Dear Dr. Brown:  I am 66 years old and have osteoporosis that did not respond particularly well to Evista or Fosamax.  My doctors did further tests and it was discovered I have MGUS, (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance), which is an abnormal protein in the blood that can lead to Multiple Myeloma, a bone cancer.

I am wondering:  l. If all that medication could have led to the MGUS, and 2. If MGUS can cause osteoporosis.

Have you heard of any connection like this?  Thank you.

Anne Green

May 12. 2010 11:31

Add me to the list of people who would like to know the connection between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and bone health.

Your column is great!  

Linda D.

May 13. 2010 20:16

Dear Dr. Brown,
I am a 44 year old women with severe osteoporosis (-4.6,-5.2) with already 6 compression fractures in my spine. I have had a complete workup with many specialists and it seems the only thing they can come up with is my very low body weight for over 10 years, and the loss of my menstual cycle for even longer than that. I am presently on Actonel monthly with no side effects, but I hate the fact that I have to be on it. I am working on gaining weight( I am up to 90 lbs., almost a 20 lb. gain at 5 ft. tall.) I used to be 5'4"!! What can you tell me about this new drug being approved this summer? Is it any safer than the one's currently out there? Thank you, love your site!!!!

Judy Wells

May 14. 2010 07:39

Dear Dr. Brown:

I have lost count of the number of broken vertabraes I have had an just this past winter I fractured my tibia.(Didn't even know it as I had not fallen etc.)  I have Dexa scans every year since 2006 and the readings are slightly improved.  My worst was an average of -5.  It is now in the -4 something for the back and -3.89 something for the hip.  I have been on forteo shots, reclast, and now fosamax.
I read all your articles and am awaiting the arrival of your book the acid and akaline diet.  Anything else you could suggest would be very much appreciated.  Thank you Helen

Helen Gallagher

May 18. 2010 09:45

Dr. Brown
I was diagnosed with osteoarthritis in my hip and spine 10 years plus years ago and immediately started on Fosamax.  Was on it for at least 6 years and my bone density scans continued to be poor. My Fosamax dosage was increased to 75mg and still no improvement. At this time I found your website while doing my own exploration and have been eating better, and am trying to incorporate your alkaline diet foods. I have refused to take Fosamax as I don't feel it is doing me any good. My question is do you also deal with osteoarthritis and do you think I should go back on Fosamax? I am now currently taking over 1000mg of Vitamin D along with 1600mg of Calcium , should I increase this?

Jenna wells

May 19. 2010 15:54

Eleisa, Deb and Linda,
The research on thyroid medications and bone loss is quite mixed, but it does appear that if too much thyroid medication is used this can accelerate bone loss. Too much medication is generally indicated when the TSH level is out of range on the low side.  Remind your doctor of your bone health concern and ask her/him to make sure you thyroid medication is on the mark, and not too high or too low.  Too little thyroid hormone can also limit bone health.  Not too much, not too little thyroid medication seems the best.  

Susan Brown

May 19. 2010 16:03

Dear Judy,
Thanks for sharing your story--indeed you remind us that that serious cases of osteoporosis can occur at a young age and most likely many factors are involved and that certainly even some young folks need osteoporosis medications in their bone building program. I suggest you ask you physician if he/she thinks the new Prolia drug would be better for you that  Actonel.   It appears it will suppress bone both loss and new bone formation more than the Actonel.

Susan Brown

May 19. 2010 16:08

Dear Helen,
I think it is wise to obtain all the key 20 bone nutrients and work on the Alkaline Diet right along with your bone drug therapies and medical program. Physical therapy is also wonderful in many cases, and a full medical work-up looking for hidden causes of bone loss is always recommended.

Susan Brown

May 24. 2010 09:32

Dear Jenna,
I can't tell you one way or the other if going back on Fosamax, or taking any other medication, would help you halt your bone loss - but I do not see anything in your message that indicates that you know of any reason why you're losing bone. The first step in halting bone loss is to find out why it's happening. My recommendation to anyone who loses bone but has no clear-cut explanation for what's causing it is to ask your doctor for a full medical workup (see my earlier post on Who Needs a Medical Workup, listed in the blog posts below) to find out what is causing this problem - vitamin D testing is part of such a workup, so that should tell you if increasing your vitamin D is going to be helpful or not (I do not recommend simply increasing the dose if you don't know your current vitamin D level). Then once you have the results of this workup, you and your physician can determine from there what to do based on what you've found. You may also want to review my article "Rethinking primary osteoporosis" in the "Rethinking osteoporosis" section of the BetterBones.com web site, as that might give you and your doctor some ideas about the many possible causes of your bone loss. I would also encourage you to keep on your alkaline diet and consider supplementing with the 20 key nutrients as well while you investigate your bone loss further.

Susan

May 24. 2010 10:13

Dear Anne,

I had to do a little digging when it came to MGUS and osteoporosis. What I found was fascinating. In answer to your first question, I found nothing in the literature to link either Evista or Fosamax to MGUS development. However, in answer to your second question, I did find some indications that MGUS can cause weakening of the bones (though not necessarily bone loss - there's some argument about that). Without getting too complicated about it, one of the hallmarks of MGUS is an imbalance between two bone-related cytokines, RANKL and OPG. RANKL's job is to help osteoclasts develop, and OPG's is to slow RANKL's activity, so if RANKL is more active than OPG, it can theoretically lead to bone loss. But, some researchers aren't finding that this is the case, though most of them agree that bones are weaker. So while the jury is still out as to whether MGUS causes osteoporosis, it's very clear that it does weaken bones. Of note is a letter to the New England Journal of Medicine dated May 24, 2007 - you may want to give this reference to your doctor as it should be helpful.

Susan

July 27. 2011 20:20

Dear Dr Brown,  Do you still have that cute vest available?   Are you thinking of having a sale now or in the future??  I am
interested.   Let me know.
question 2.  Do you feel that Strontium  looks good on the Dexa, but doesnt really help the strength of the bones??
  I cant get anyone to answer that question.
   Thanks so much,
       Liz, from Williamstown....now I'm 86 and holding

Liz Hannock

July 28. 2011 08:41

Hi Liz,

The weight vest Dr. Brown likes is in our shop here: http://www.betterbones.com/store/ironwear-weightedexercisevest.aspx and we offer it at $25 off the regular price.

As far as strontium is concerned, that's an interesting question. Strontium at high doses does sometimes help with bone density, but strength and density aren't, as you know, the same thing. Don't know if anyone has ever done strength research on subjects taking strontium -- perhaps Dr. Brown can shed some light on that.

Managing Editor

July 28. 2011 09:39

Dear Liz, Strontium in high doses is a effective pharmacological approach to fracture reduction, but it also makes the bone look a bit stronger on the bone density test than they really are. Glad to hear you are holding strong and even thinking of adding a weighted vest to your program at age 86.  You are a great inspiration to all of us.  Best wishes, Susan

Susan E Brown

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